@DTLow: I really appreciate your efforts to make this clear. However, I can't get part 2, "copying classic link", to work. When I paste the "internal link" right into my note as explained in step 1 above, this shows up as the note's title, and I am able to copy the title, but not the link. Long press does nothing. Am I missing something here?
(iPhone Xs/iOS 12.2/Evernote 8.18.1.x, Premium Account)
[UPDATE:] Ah, now I found that I have to get rid of the onscreen keyboard first; then I can do the long press and bring up the share sheet where I can then copy the good old classic link.
Thank you again for your assistance. Evernote should make this process much easier! However I get the impression that they don't want their users to make use of classic links for whatever reason ...