I hear you, but I find that whether written or typed, taking color-coded notes helps me with memory and retention. I take written notes with either these Sharpie pens or these Paper Mate pens, and I prefer to use the same colors in Evernote as I do with written ones. One of the colors is pink and another is lilac, for example; you'll note neither color is available in Evernote.
I get that Evernote's not a design app, but I don't see how implementing a 'More Colors' option below the default colors would take away from from smooth use or seamless exchange provided that the option was added across platforms. Like I said, it's an option on this forum and I don't think it'd be a superfluous feature on Evernote itself.
They're adding things like tasks, calendar events, Google Calendar/Drive, etc. Why not some sort of custom color function, especially when it used to be an option? Personally, I never use sketch or code blocks but I'm sure others do, ergo it's beneficial to have. And you can still add custom colors via a workaround, so why remove the feature in the first place?